WITCH documentation
1
Introduction
2
The WITCH model
2.1
General Framework
2.1.1
Methodology and features
2.1.2
Policy Applications
2.2
Model scope
2.2.1
Energy Sector
2.2.2
Land Use Sector
2.2.3
Greenhouse gases and air pollutants
2.2.4
Regions
2.2.5
Coalitions
2.2.6
Time horizon
3
The Economy
3.1
Welfare function
3.1.1
Utility function
3.1.2
Welfare of coalitions
3.2
The general economy
3.2.1
Consumption
3.2.2
Output
3.2.3
Capital
3.2.4
Energy Services
3.2.5
Energy
3.3
Calibration of future Productivity and Energy Demand
3.3.1
Population
3.3.2
Total Factor Productivity
3.3.3
Energy Intensity
4
The Energy sector
4.1
Energy supply
4.1.1
Electric energy technology sectors
4.1.2
Capital accumulation for electric energy technology sectors
4.1.3
Production in electric sector
4.1.4
Additional constraints in the electric sector
4.1.5
Non-electric energy sectors
4.1.6
Primary Energy Supply of Fuels
4.2
Research and Development
4.2.1
Knowledge stock in backstop technologies, electric batteries, and energy efficiency
4.2.2
Two-Factor Learning Curve
4.2.3
One-Factor Learning Curve
4.3
Solar power
4.3.1
Competition area
4.4
Wind power
4.5
System integration
4.5.1
Flexibility constraint
4.5.2
Capacity constraint
4.5.3
Electrical grid
4.6
Advanced bio-fuels (non-electric backstop technology)
4.7
Carbon capture and storage (CCS)
4.7.1
Technologies
4.7.2
Transport and storage
4.8
Traditional Biomass
4.9
Road transport
4.9.1
Number of Vehicles
4.9.2
Kilometre Demand and Fuel Consumption
4.9.3
Cost of Vehicles
4.9.4
Technology Restrictions and Constraints
5
Fossil Fuel Resources
5.1
Oil extraction
5.1.1
Oil production
5.1.2
Extraction capacity
5.1.3
Emissions from Oil extraction
5.2
Coal and Gas: extraction and trade
5.2.1
Fossil fuel availability curves
6
Land-use
6.0.1
Livestock
6.0.2
Land use
6.0.3
Crop yields
6.0.4
Nitrogen fertilizers
6.0.5
Pasture productivity
6.0.6
Food wastes and agricultural losses
6.1
Link with the WITCH model
7
Emissions and the climate
7.1
Greenhouse gas emissions
7.1.1
CO
2
emissions
7.1.2
Other greenhouse gas emissions
7.1.3
Emission costs
7.2
Climate module
7.2.1
Carbon-cycle
7.2.2
Accumulation of non-CO2 ghg in the atmosphere
7.2.3
Radiative Forcing
7.2.4
Global temperature increase from pre-industrial levels
7.3
Air pollutant emissions
7.3.1
Air pollution Policies
8
Impacts and Adaptation
8.1
Economic impacts from climate change
8.1.1
Calibration
8.2
Adaptation
8.2.1
Calibration of adaptation costs
9
Climate Policy
9.1
Policy Options
9.1.1
Carbon market clearing
9.1.2
Bank and borrowing
10
Implementation of the SSPs
10.1
Implementation of the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs)
10.1.1
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Population
10.1.2
Energy Intensity
10.1.3
Land-use
10.1.4
Technology
10.1.5
Personal transport
10.1.6
Air pollutant emissions
10.1.7
Fossil Fuel Resources
10.1.8
Adaptation
10.2
Results for the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs)
10.2.1
Energy
10.2.2
Emissions
10.2.3
Policy costs
11
Appendix
11.1
Flowchart
11.2
List of parameters, variables, GAMS names, and parameter values
References
The WITCH model
WITCH documentation
4
The Energy sector